Knowing of Daniel's devotion to his God, his enemies trick the king into issuing an edict forbidding worship of any other god or man for a 30-day period. Therefore you should differentiate the date of origin between the different original manuscripts and the later editor. [28] The most probable conclusion is that the account must have been completed near the end of the reign of Antiochus but before his death in December 164 BC, or at least before news of it reached Jerusalem, and the consensus of modern scholarship[29][30][31][32][33][34][35] is accordingly that the book dates to the period 167163 BC. Persons named Daniel ("God has judged") are mentioned in Babylonian records and in the Bible elsewhere. What makes Daniel different More impressive is when Daniel refuses to eat the Kings food in Daniel 1. Otherwise, he would have stood in the fiery furnace with his friends, the penalty for not bowing down. They are allowed to continue to refrain from eating the king's food, and to Daniel, God gives insight into visions and dreams. The author has apparently counted back seventy years to the "third year of Jehoiakim," 606 BC, to round out Daniel's prophetic ministry. to look for a mode of deliverance from God. While God often shares his wisdom and power, he can also choose to withhold or withdraw them. [57] It gives no real details of the end-time, but it seems that God's kingdom will be on this earth, that it will be governed by justice and righteousness, and that the tables will be turned on the Seleucids and those Jews who have cooperated with them.[58]. I discuss this in great detail in my book, "Daniel, Prophet to the Nations" which is available at www.ipibooks.com. Rowlings as having its earliest known use in the 2nd century BC, but [56] The book is also an eschatology, as the divine revelation concerns the end of the present age, a predicted moment in which God will intervene in history to usher in the final kingdom. He cares about what will happen to him. Because any earlier and its inaccuracies would start sooner, and any later and it wouldnt have circulated successfully so as to gain a strong position as scripture, since its predictions would have been too rapidly falsified". Apocalypticism Explained | Apocalypse! FRONTLINE | PBS I'm of the 6th century crowd but thought I should remind the critics, even with your later date, Daniel is a true prophet. and THEN again, for EVERYTHING AFTER 164 BCE -- it again GETS THINGS GROSSLY WRONG again. [3] The book is filled with monsters, angels, and numerology, drawn from a wide range of sources, both biblical and non-biblical, that would have had meaning in the context of 2nd-century Jewish culture, and while Christian interpreters have always viewed these as predicting events in the New Testament"the Son of God", "the Son of Man", Christ and the Antichristthe book's intended audience is the Jews of the 2nd century BC. [47] "The legendary Daniel, known from long ago but still remembered as an exemplary character serves as the principal human 'hero' in the biblical book that now bears his name"; Daniel is the wise and righteous intermediary who is able to interpret dreams and thus convey the will of God to humans, the recipient of visions from on high that are interpreted to him by heavenly intermediaries. Was he writing in the tradition of Ezekiel or apocalyptic literature, responding to a period of crisis and oppression and Daniel: Prophecy or Pseudonymous Forgery? - Answers in Genesis One of the first people to dispute the traditional dating of Daniel was Porphyry, a pagan philosopher whose arguments have been preseved by Jerome. [4] It divides into two parts: a set of six court tales in chapters 16, written mostly in Aramaic, and four apocalyptic visions in chapters 712, written mostly in Hebrew;[5] the deuterocanonical books contain three additional sections, the Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children, Susanna, and Bel and the Dragon. After many battles (described in great detail) a "contemptible person" will become king of the north; this king will invade the south two times, the first time with success, but on his second he will be stopped by "ships of Kittim." The wisdom behind such apparent displays of weakness is not intuitive to us. Do they have apocalyptic elements in them? Was it at his baptism; arrival on a donkey; or at his death? Yet neither his power nor his wisdom is necessarily obvious. An interesting answer, but if you think the book of Daniel was written circa 165 BCE, some evidence for that late date is required in an hermeneutical answer. Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. The book has a couple of purposes. This, too, had been lost by 160 BC., but Daniel had the politics right. But that doesnt align with Daniels character. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. The Book of Daniel is a biblical book found in both the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) and the Christian Bible. Why did Daniel get all of the historical facts wrong in Daniel 11:35-35? 6 Female Celebrities Who Openly Follow Christ, Steven Furtick's Elevation Church Leaves the SBC, Moms, You Have Permission to Invest in Yourselves, A Prayer to Watch How We Live - Your Daily Prayer - July 5, 5 Signs Your Church Might Be Heading toward Progressive Christianity. The first contains Babylonian narratives of Daniel and his friends standing. Daniel Was 14 or 15 When Taken into Captivity. May the information you learn strengthen your faith and encourage your soul. Answer: There is no evidence to support the idea that Daniel was written in the 600s, as Daniel died in about 535 BC. The book is set during the Babylonian Captivity, a period when many Jews had been forcibly exiled to Babylon.It revolves around the figure of Daniel, an Israelite who becomes an adviser to Nebuchadnezzar, the ruler of Babylon from 605-562 B.C.E.. Secondly, the book hints at events to come, that have happened in history and that have yet to take place. 7 Fascinating Facts That Will Change How You Read the Book of Daniel The book implies that Daniel was its author in several passages, such as 9:2; 10:2. When Was the Book of Daniel Written? - Bible Authenticity Strictly speaking, the book does not belong to the prophetic writings but rather to a distinctive type of literature known as "apocalyptic," of which it is an early specimen. You may unsubscribe from these email communications at any time. @MarkEdward, you are correct. This message grows out of the books primary theme: the kingdom of God its king, its citizens, and its realization on earth. I hope that is not what you are trying to disprove. Please check errors and resubmit. In contrast, the Books of the Maccabees, which were written around that time, only appear in some of the Septuagint manuscripts - evidence that there hadn't been enough time to decide on their canonicity. It is called Mishnaic Hebrew and the rabbinic writings are full of it. The head Was the covenant null and void? Why? Daniel explains the dream to the king: the statue symbolized four successive kingdoms, starting with Nebuchadnezzar, all of which would be crushed by God's kingdom, which would endure forever. How can we know WHEN Jesus became "Messiah the Prince" as per Dan, 9:25. What Is the Book of Daniel About? The conflicts we see on earth reflect a cosmic conflict that will continue until Gods kingdom comes in all its fullness. I have reasoned that destruction of Herod's Temple as an act of God because Jesus' death and resurrection did away with the need of that temple with its removal on the final 14,000th day. Engagingly readable, it not only explores the biblical text but offers a range of applications and interesting illustrations. --Craig S. Keener, Asbury Theological Seminary, Im a storyteller. Chapter 8 is in the time of Babylonian rule, then Daniel 9:1 is the first year of Darius, son of Xerxes, who was made king over the Chaldeans (Babylonians). The existence of the Greek word symphonia was cited by When was the Book of Daniel Written? - Reading Acts Christian apocalyptic beliefs. 1. For conservatives, using 530 BC as the composition date supports burning down Herod's Temple 600 years into the future. If someone names you, in Scripture, they essentially claim ownership over you. Daniel is, however, quoted in a section of the Sibylline Oracles commonly dated to the middle of the 2nd century BC, and was popular at Qumran at much the same time, suggesting that it was known from the middle of that century. All three are terms for musical Absent compelling evidence to the contrary, it should probably be the de facto date. To better understandDaniel, purchase your copy at Amazon, Barnes & Noble, or Christian Book. Perchance, some of you will read the following literature and take the time to write an honest review. [8][9] The division is reinforced by the chiastic arrangement of the Aramaic chapters (see below), and by a chronological progression in chapters 16 from Babylonian to Median rule, and from Babylonian to Persian rule in chapters 712. ostensibly lived a long time ago and letting that person tell the story it has Arguments for early/late date of authorship of Daniel, hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/questions/25691/, espanol.apologeticspress.org/rr/reprints/, Understanding the Difficult Words of Jesus, https://jimhamilton.info/2010/09/06/qumran-scrolls-and-the-date-of-daniel/, provide answers that don't require clarification from the asker, https://hermeneutics.stackexchange.com/a/37656/27923, Starting the Prompt Design Site: A New Home in our Stack Exchange Neighborhood. [53], Eight copies of the Book of Daniel, all incomplete, have been found at Qumran, two in Cave 1, five in Cave 4, and one in Cave 6. This is why we have reason to believe that Daniel wrote the book throughout his life, when he received visions and when he experienced the events from Daniel 1-6. Property of twice of a vector minus its orthogonal projection. It gives the story to The Book of Daniel, written in Hebrew and Aramaic, is a book in both the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. neededaccording to their traditio-historical and redaction-critical By Gordon Wenham. [25] Jason, hearing a rumour that Antiochus was dead, attacked Menelaus to take back the High Priesthood. The Book of Daniel was originally written in two languages. of the second century A.D., was made about as few years after John was It becomes understandable from What are the primary arguments for a late date (2nd century BC)? Although the Judeans encountered isolated situations of hostility and danger, it appears they also enjoyed great opportunity to influence their surroundings for good. Daniel's languages. During the time of the Hasmoneans, a Hebrew renaissance was in full swing and a new book written in Aramaic would not easily have been accepted. of Daniel originated in its present form during the time of the Did God have any plan for them in the future? Really, all apocalyptic literature is much more a response to a concrete set of But when Daniel was a young manaround 13 or 14Jerusalem was besieged by Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, and Daniel and many others were taken into captivity. At other times, however, foreign kings oppressed Gods people with every intention of destroying them.
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why was the book of daniel written